The Mysteries of Credit Scoring Revealed

Perhaps it's happened to you - a period of mounting medical bills, loss of wages, natural disaster and even identity theft. Any one of these things can cause a person's credit score to plummet. Today, more than ever before, a decent credit score can be a positive force in every aspect of your life.
We all want to have enough money to pay our bills and have enough money left over to live. To accomplish this, we're expected to manage our money and our credit wisely. Our credit score is a picture of how well we handle our debts. What are the typical purchases and decisions that are affected by a person's credit score?
Applying for a job
Buying a car
Purchasing a home
Renting an apartment
Applying for insurance
Requesting a credit card
Opening a bank account
This is only a short list of products and actions that involve a credit score. So, what is this mystery called Credit Scoring? It all starts with your "credit report".
The three national credit reporting agencies are Equifax, Experian and TransUnion (with smaller ones including ChexSystems). These agencies act as warehouses for your information. Your credit report contains personal data, which includes your name (priors and variations), birth date, addresses, Social Security number, and past and present employers. In addition, creditor history, inquiries or authorized credit checks, relevant public records and collections are also used for identification purposes Your credit report card includes your creditor history detailing your accounts, payments to banks, credit unions, finance companies, mortgage companies, credit card companies, retail stores and other creditors. These credit lines detail if you pay on time, balances, credit limits, burden of debt and how long you have had your account. Other than you, outsiders can access your credit report by making an inquiry. Credit card companies are notorious for making inquiries, and you can see on the credit report who has accessed your account, and when.
Relevant public records and collections are also on your credit report. This may include bankruptcies, foreclosures, tax liens and any collection agency debts you may have incurred. A foreclosed property can remain on your report for as long as seven years, Chapter 7 bankruptcy for 10 years and, depending on your state, unpaid tax liens can remain on your credit report indefinitely.
The industry standard for calculating a credit score was invented by The Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO). The scores generate a three digit number ranging from 300 to 850. Credit scores are used to assess your level of credit risk by predicting whether you will pay back your credit obligations in a timely fashion. The higher your score, the better credit risk you are. Because there are three different credit agencies, consumers who have a credit report have three FICO scores. Creditors use these scores to determine if they are going to grant credit to a consumer and what interest rate they will charge.
Are you 100% confused yet? It might bring some consolation to know that information sharing is getting better. Prior to 2001, consumers did not have access to their credit scores. Now you can get free copies of your credit report once a year from each of the three reporting agencies.
Uncle Credit Score is watching you and constantly adding or deleting information. But you do have influence over your score and the fluctuations that can have instant impact. The following is a sampling of some actions you might take that can affect your score:
Paying your mortgage on time
Applying for a credit card
A late payment or closure of a credit card
Your level of debt and payment performance account for 65% of your FICO score. Lenders can also consider your income, a spouse’s income, an appraisal report from a licensed appraiser and other factors when considering an application for credit. If you are turned down for credit, by law, lenders must advise you of the reason in a rejection letter. There could be an error in your credit report which you can fix and possibly increase your score. All the more reason to check your credit reports regularly.